| Vocabulary | Components | Cycles & Trophic webs | Emergent properties | Energy and mass fluxes |
| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Final Question | ||||
What is Ecology?
What is Ecology?
Ecology is the relationship between man and the evironment along with living and non-living organisims.
What is energy?
What is energy?
The capacity to do a certain job, which can be measured as a caloric enery.
Type of heterotroph that obtain energy by eating only plants.
Type of heterotroph that obtain energy by eating only plants.
Herbivores
Each step in a food chain or food web.
Each step in a food chain or food web.
Trophic Level
An interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism.
An interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism.
Predation
Ticks carry bacteria that cause Lyme disease. Ticks do not get Lyme disease, but they can transfer the bacteria to humans, who can get the disease. What type of symbiotic relationship the bacteria and the ticks is?
Ticks carry bacteria that cause Lyme disease. Ticks do not get Lyme disease, but they can transfer the bacteria to humans, who can get the disease. What type of symbiotic relationship the bacteria and the ticks is?
Commensalism
Tapeworms are sometimes found in the small intestines of sheep. A tapeworm attaches to the intestinal wall using suckers and then absorbs nutrients from the sheep’s intestine.Which of the following terms describes the relationship between the tapeworm and the sheep?
| A. |
competition
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| B. |
herbivory
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| C. |
parasitism
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| D. |
predation
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Tapeworms are sometimes found in the small intestines of sheep. A tapeworm attaches to the intestinal wall using suckers and then absorbs nutrients from the sheep’s intestine.Which of the following terms describes the relationship between the tapeworm and the sheep?
| A. |
competition
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| B. |
herbivory
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| C. |
parasitism
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| D. |
predation
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C
Which of the following relationships exists between the frog and the mayfly?
| A. |
commensalism
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| B. |
competition
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| C. |
mutualism
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| D. |
predation
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Which of the following relationships exists between the frog and the mayfly?
| A. |
commensalism
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| B. |
competition
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| C. |
mutualism
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| D. |
predation
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D
Many lichens are composed of fungi and algae. The fungi get sugars from the algae, and the algae get water, minerals, and proteins from the fungi.Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the organisms in the lichens?
| A. |
commensalism
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| B. |
competition
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| C. |
mutualism
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| D. |
parasitism
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Many lichens are composed of fungi and algae. The fungi get sugars from the algae, and the algae get water, minerals, and proteins from the fungi.Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the organisms in the lichens?
| A. |
commensalism
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| B. |
competition
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| C. |
mutualism
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| D. |
parasitism
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C
The ecological relationship between a hawk and a rabbit is the same type of relationship as that between
| A. |
a tick and a deer.
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| B. |
a frog and an insect.
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| C. |
a mouse and a chipmunk.
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| D. |
a bee and a flowering plant.
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The ecological relationship between a hawk and a rabbit is the same type of relationship as that between
| A. |
a tick and a deer.
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| B. |
a frog and an insect.
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| C. |
a mouse and a chipmunk.
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| D. |
a bee and a flowering plant.
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C
If the producers in a food web were removed, which of the following changes would most likely occur?
| A. |
The entire food web would collapse over time.
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| B. |
The food web would depend on the decomposers for energy.
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| C. |
The consumers would begin making energy for the food web.
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| D. |
The populations of the remaining organisms in the food web would increase.
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If the producers in a food web were removed, which of the following changes would most likely occur?
| A. |
The entire food web would collapse over time.
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| B. |
The food web would depend on the decomposers for energy.
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| C. |
The consumers would begin making energy for the food web.
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| D. |
The populations of the remaining organisms in the food web would increase.
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A
A partial food web is shown below. The insect species in this food web are ladybugs, aphids, caterpillars, and grasshoppers.
Which of the following statements describes what will most likely happen if another animal that preys on insects enters the community?
| A. |
The plant populations will decrease.
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| B. |
The ladybug population will increase.
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| C. |
The small bird population will decrease.
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| D. |
The grasshopper population will increase.
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A partial food web is shown below. The insect species in this food web are ladybugs, aphids, caterpillars, and grasshoppers.
Which of the following statements describes what will most likely happen if another animal that preys on insects enters the community?
| A. |
The plant populations will decrease.
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| B. |
The ladybug population will increase.
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| C. |
The small bird population will decrease.
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| D. |
The grasshopper population will increase.
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C
A food web is shown below.
Which of the following organisms compete for the mouse as a food source?
| A. |
hawk and snake
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| B. |
snake and kinglet
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| C. |
oak tree and pine tree
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| D. |
pine borer and salamander
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A food web is shown below.
Which of the following organisms compete for the mouse as a food source?
| A. |
hawk and snake
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| B. |
snake and kinglet
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| C. |
oak tree and pine tree
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| D. |
pine borer and salamander
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A
A partial food web is shown below.
Which of the following changes is most likely to occur if the sparrow population decreases?
| A. |
The fox population decreases.
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| B. |
The hawk population increases.
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| C. |
The grasshopper population competes less with the praying mantis population.
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| D. |
The hawk population and the fox population prey more heavily on grasshoppers
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A partial food web is shown below.
Which of the following changes is most likely to occur if the sparrow population decreases?
| A. |
The fox population decreases.
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| B. |
The hawk population increases.
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| C. |
The grasshopper population competes less with the praying mantis population.
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| D. |
The hawk population and the fox population prey more heavily on grasshoppers
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A
A partial food web is shown below.
Which of the following will most likely happen if the frog population decreases?
| A. |
Owls will have no source of food.
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| B. |
The snake population will increase.
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| C. |
Birds will have less competition for food.
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| D. |
The grasshopper population will go extinct.
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A partial food web is shown below.
Which of the following will most likely happen if the frog population decreases?
| A. |
Owls will have no source of food.
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| B. |
The snake population will increase.
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| C. |
Birds will have less competition for food.
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| D. |
The grasshopper population will go extinct.
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C
Which of the following organisms is correctly matched to its role in the pond ecosystem?
| A. |
soil fungi—decomposer
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| B. |
zooplankton—producer
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| C. |
water lily—decomposer
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| D. |
water snake—primary consumer
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Which of the following organisms is correctly matched to its role in the pond ecosystem?
| A. |
soil fungi—decomposer
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| B. |
zooplankton—producer
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| C. |
water lily—decomposer
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| D. |
water snake—primary consumer
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A
Part of a marsh food web is shown below.
Which of the following statements correctly describes organisms in this food web?
| A. |
The birds are producers.
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| B. |
The algae are consumers.
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| C. |
The worms are carnivores.
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| D. |
The bacteria are decomposers.
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Part of a marsh food web is shown below.
Which of the following statements correctly describes organisms in this food web?
| A. |
The birds are producers.
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| B. |
The algae are consumers.
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| C. |
The worms are carnivores.
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| D. |
The bacteria are decomposers.
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D
In which of the following ways do producers in an ecosystem obtain energy?
| A. |
by consuming other producers
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| B. |
by living parasitically on animals
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| C. |
by using sunlight to make sugars
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| D. |
by breaking down dead organisms
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In which of the following ways do producers in an ecosystem obtain energy?
| A. |
by consuming other producers
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| B. |
by living parasitically on animals
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| C. |
by using sunlight to make sugars
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| D. |
by breaking down dead organisms
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C
The moose belongs to which trophic level in an ecosystem?
| A. |
producer
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| B. |
consumer
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| C. |
scavenger
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| D. |
decomposer
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The moose belongs to which trophic level in an ecosystem?
| A. |
producer
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| B. |
consumer
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| C. |
scavenger
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| D. |
decomposer
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B
Which of the following lists identifies organisms that are producers in food webs?
| A. | algae, ferns, sunflowers | |
| B. | mushrooms, bacteria, earthworms | |
| C. | termites, red foxes, shrews | |
| D. | woodpeckers, cardinals, grasshoppers |
Which of the following lists identifies organisms that are producers in food webs?
| A. | algae, ferns, sunflowers | |
| B. | mushrooms, bacteria, earthworms | |
| C. | termites, red foxes, shrews | |
| D. | woodpeckers, cardinals, grasshoppers |
A
Which of the following energy pyramids shows the correct placement of trophic levels?
| A. |
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| B. |
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| C. |
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| D. |
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Which of the following energy pyramids shows the correct placement of trophic levels?
| A. |
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| B. |
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| C. |
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| D. |
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A
A marine food web is shown below.
Which of the following diagrams correctly represents an energy pyramid from this web?
| A. |  |
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| B. |  |
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| C. |  |
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| D. |  |
A marine food web is shown below.
Which of the following diagrams correctly represents an energy pyramid from this web?
| A. | |
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| B. | |
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| C. | |
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| D. | |
C
If there is 1500 KJ of energy provided by the grass plant, how much energy is absorbed by the owl?
If there is 1500 KJ of energy provided by the grass plant, how much energy is absorbed by the owl?
15 Kjoules
What type of energy pyramid is this?
What type of energy pyramid is this?
Pyramid of Numbers
If there is 300 J of energy provided by the snake how much energy was provided by the grass?
If there is 300 J of energy provided by the snake how much energy was provided by the grass?
300,000 joules
A food web is shown below.
Which of the following is most likely to lead to an increase in the number of foxes over time?
| A. | a decrease in owls | |
| B. | an increase in hawks | |
| C. | an increase in mountain lions | |
| D. | a decrease in raspberry bushes |
A food web is shown below.
Which of the following is most likely to lead to an increase in the number of foxes over time?
| A. | a decrease in owls | |
| B. | an increase in hawks | |
| C. | an increase in mountain lions | |
| D. | a decrease in raspberry bushes |
A
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