| Evolution |
| #1 |
What is evolution? |
When species change over time to be better adapted to their environment |
| #2 |
What is selective breeding? |
When humans choose what traits to breed for. Humans do the selecting for traits |
| #3 |
How is selective breeding similar to natural selection? |
Certain traits are beneficial and are selected for. These traits appear more often in the population |
| #4 |
Why do the Galapagos iguana have long claws? |
To hold on to the rocks better |
| #5 |
Why do the finches have differently shaped beaks on the different islands? |
Because the beaks adapted to be able to get the food on the island better |
| Natural Selection |
| #1 |
Evolution occurs through a process called ___________ |
Natural Selection |
| #2 |
What is natural selection? |
How individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce |
| #3 |
What 3 main factors did Darwin identify that affect natural selection? |
Overpopulation, Variations, and Competition |
| #4 |
How does competition work with natural selection? |
Organisms that are better adapted survive better |
| #5 |
Why are only traits that are controlled by genes acted upon by natural selection? |
Because only inherited traits can be selected for over time |
| Evidence for Evolution |
| #1 |
How is DNA used as evidence for evolution? |
The fewer differences between the DNA / proteins of 2 species, the more closely they are related |
| #2 |
What is it when many species have similar body structure? |
Homologous structures |
| #3 |
What does it suggest when the embryos of 2 species look very similar for only a short time before looking different? |
That the species are not closely related |
| #4 |
What chart is used to show the evolutionary relationships between species? |
A branching tree (cladogram) |
| #5 |
How are the arms of humans and bats homologous structures? |
They have the same arrangement of bones |
| Odds and Ends |
| #1 |
What is needed for a species to change? |
Isolation or change in environment |
| #2 |
What is a scientific theory? |
A well tested concept that explains a wide variety of explanations |
| #3 |
What is it when there are no more of a species alive? |
The species is extinct |
| #4 |
How long did it take Darwin to write his book after the HMS Beagle finished her voyage? |
20 years |
| #5 |
What are 3 types of evidence for evolution? |
Fossils, similarities in early development, and homologous structures |
